What is proton motive force in cellular respiration?
A proton-motive force, in the form of a large proton concentration difference across the membrane, provides the energy for the membrane-localized ATP synthase (a molecular machine) to make ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate (Pi).
What is proton motive force what is its importance in biology?
The proton motive force occurs when the cell membrane becomes energized due to electron transport reactions by the electron carriers embedded in it. Basically, this causes the cell to act like a tiny battery. Its energy can either be used right away to do work, like power flagella, or be stored for later in ATP.
What is the proton motive force and how is it generated quizlet?
Proton motive force. proton gradient generated by the oxidation of NADH and FADH2. delta P = chemical gradient (pH)+charge gradient. powers the synthesis of ATP. F0F1 ATP Synthase.
How is proton motive force implicated during ATP generation?
Electron transport is coupled to ATP production at the ATP synthase via the pmf. As protons flow down the electrochemical gradient into the matrix through a channel in the ATP synthase Fo domain, a rotation of the ATP synthase F1 domain drives the phosphorylation of ADP to ATP.
How is the proton motive force generated?
Proton-motive force can be generated by a variety of phenomena including the operation of an electron transport chain, illumination of a purple membrane, and the hydrolysis of aTP by a proton atpase.
What are the two components that contribute to the proton motive force across the inner mitochondrial membrane?
The protonmotive force across the inner mitochondrial membrane (Δp) has two components: membrane potential (ΔΨ) and the gradient of proton concentration (ΔpH).
How is ATP generated using a proton motive force quizlet?
The proton gradient is necessary for ATP synthesis because proton flow through the enzyme causes conformational changes that convert a T subunit into an O subunit with the subsequent release of ATP. The role of the proton gradient is not to form ATP but to release it from the synthase.
Why do cells ferment rather than respire?
Why would a cell ferment rather than respire? it lacks the ability to respire (i.e. no electron transport chain). There is no oxygen present and it cannot use anaerobic respiration OR it lacks the ability to respire (i.e., no electron transport chain).
What is the name of the protein that converts proton motive force to chemical energy that the cell can use?
Figure 14-19. The ATP synthase is a reversible coupling device that can convert the energy of the electrochemical proton gradient into chemical-bond energy, or vice versa.
Does fermentation use proton motive force?
Even fermenters, which don’t need proton gradients to generate ATP, maintain the proton motive force, using ATP derived from fermentation to power proton pumping.
Does proton motive force help ATP synthesis during fermentation?
In respiring bacteria under physiological conditions, ATP synthase, in general, runs in the opposite direction. This creates ATP while using the proton motive force created by the electron transport chain as a source of energy.
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